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Docker Nginx容器和Tomcat容器实现负载均衡与动静分离操作

时间：2020-11-22来源：www.pcxitongcheng.com作者：电脑系统城

下载Tomcat8镜像

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5 [root@localhost ~]# docker search tomcat8
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
ashince/tomcat8 Tomcat GUI Manager pre-configured docker ima… 5
podbox/tomcat8 2 [OK]

这个tomcat包含了jdk而且启动了可以直接访问，自己启动了8080端口

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20 [root@localhost ~]# docker pull ashince/tomcat8
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from ashince/tomcat8
06b22ddb1913: Pulling fs layer
336c28b408ed: Pull complete
1f3e6b8d80c3: Pull complete
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 2622e6cca7eb 2 weeks ago 132MB
ashince/tomcat8 latest 02aedead27dd 22 months ago 314MB
启动一个Nginx容器和两个Tomcat容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd -p 8080:8080 ashince/tomcat8
3e3f2aabe67de7ee3f4b6d62176e21aaa9d2302922845cb08ad37af7146b13c5
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd -p 8081:8080 ashince/tomcat8
644d59711c805a626b7c1c219aa018f744098a14dd41e54744d6b13e7ba66a2f
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
cca55c4ad919 ashince/tomcat8 "catalina.sh run" About a minute ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:8081->8080/tcp unruffled_lalande
08b58d2f41d6 ashince/tomcat8 "catalina.sh run" 7 minutes ago Up 7 minutes 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp relaxed_williamson
aeebcb0b40a2 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp priceless_ardinghelli

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92 #将Nginx容器当中的配置拷贝到本地修改，因为容器当中没有vi vim命令
[root@localhost ~]# docker cp 68d2bdf336ed:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf .
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg default.conf index.html
[root@localhost ~]# grep -vE "#|^$" default.conf
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
}

#两台tomcat的ip地址
[root@localhost ~]# for i in {72e174adc77d,080068dae40a};do docker inspect $i| grep -i ipaddr |tail -n 1;done
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.4",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.3",
拷贝静态资源到Nginx目录下做动静分离，同时修改配置文件
#将其中一台Tomcat的ROOT目录拷贝到本地，因为做动静分离Nginx需要访问静态资源要在本地
[root@localhost ~]# docker cp 72e174adc77d:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT .

#拷贝到Nginx发布目录下面
[root@localhost ~]# docker cp ROOT 68d2bdf336ed:/usr/share/nginx/html/
[root@localhost WEB-INF]# docker exec 68d2bdf336ed ls -l /usr/share/nginx/html/ROOT
total 184
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7064 Jun 21 2017 RELEASE-NOTES.txt
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 21 Jul 27 2017 WEB-INF
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26447 Jun 21 2017 asf-logo-wide.svg
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 713 Jun 21 2017 bg-button.png
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1918 Jun 21 2017 bg-middle.png
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1392 Jun 21 2017 bg-nav-item.png
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1401 Jun 21 2017 bg-nav.png
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3103 Jun 21 2017 bg-upper.png
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21630 Jun 21 2017 favicon.ico
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12279 Jun 21 2017 index.jsp
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 2376 Jun 21 2017 tomcat-power.gif
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 5581 Jun 21 2017 tomcat.css
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 2066 Jun 21 2017 tomcat.gif
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 5103 Jun 21 2017 tomcat.png
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 67795 Jun 21 2017 tomcat.svg

#修改后的Nginx配置文件如下，修改完后拷贝会容器当中
[root@localhost ~]# docker cp default.conf 68d2bdf336ed:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec 68d2bdf336ed cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
upstream tomcat_web{
server 172.17.0.3:8080 weight=100 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=15;
server 172.17.0.4:8080 weight=100 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=15;
}

server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name localhost;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
location /{
proxy_pass http://tomcat_web;
proxy_set_header host $host;
}

location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|flv|mp4|ico)$ {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/ROOT;
expires 30d;
access_log off;
}

location ~ .*\.(eot|ttf|otf|woff|svg)$ {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/ROOT;
expires 30d;
access_log off;
}

location ~ .*\.(js|css)$ {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/ROOT;
expires 30d;
access_log off;
}
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
}

#加载新的配置项
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it 68d2bdf336ed /bin/bash
root@68d2bdf336ed:/# /usr/sbin/nginx -s reload
2020/06/29 07:12:05 [notice] 79#79: signal process started

再去访问Nginx 80端口如图所示：

补充知识：Docker 基础操作容器自启动删除镜像和删除容器

Docker容器自动重启设置

重启reboot操作系统后，发现docker 服务未启动，容器也未启动，怎么才能重启后自动启动呢

1、docker服务自动重启设置

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable docker.service

2、docker容器自动启动设置

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14 [root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 5a3221f0137b 10 months ago 126MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd -p 80:80 nginx
3e28c4b5c6256c0ba04666751e426987d848b7afeb9c59774d5e9831dc78e5ee
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd -p 81:80 nginx
f0597c725fd6b7f4229aa9ab5de4a3cb29d09097a81dc8f64d1a60d469001379
[root@localhost ~]# docker port f0597c725fd6
80/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:81

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
f0597c725fd6 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of?? 30 seconds ago Up 29 seconds 0.0.0.0:81->80/tcp elastic_allen
3e28c4b5c625 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of?? 35 seconds ago Up 33 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp tender_volhard

3、 docker容器自动启动设置

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11 [root@localhost ~]# docker update --restart=always f0597c725fd6 3e28c4b5c625
f0597c725fd6
3e28c4b5c625

[root@localhost ~]# reboot -h now
Connection closed by foreign host.

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
f0597c725fd6 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of?? 13 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:81->80/tcp elastic_allen
3e28c4b5c625 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of?? 13 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp tender_volhard

当一个host中镜像和容器较多，需要重置时可选择删除其中部分或全部的镜像和容器。那么你就需要下面的操作了。

1、删除容器

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7 [root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
27c5c4d3cf86 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of?? 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp gracious_nash
61cccfe238a8 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of?? 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:81->80/tcp distracted_grothendieck
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -aq
27c5c4d3cf86
61cccfe238a8

1）首先需要停止所有的容器

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19 [root@localhost ~]# docker ps -aq
f0597c725fd6
3e28c4b5c625
8855c7777f83
466d2efe3dd9
20ca589b1a10
e5457b41cae6
314d1d01c941

[root@localhost ~]# docker stop $(docker ps -aq)
f0597c725fd6
3e28c4b5c625
8855c7777f83
466d2efe3dd9
20ca589b1a10
e5457b41cae6
314d1d01c941
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

2）删除所有的容器（只删除单个时把后面的变量改为image id即可）

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10 [root@localhost ~]# docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)
f0597c725fd6
3e28c4b5c625
8855c7777f83
466d2efe3dd9
20ca589b1a10
e5457b41cae6
314d1d01c941
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -aq
[root@localhost ~]#