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Java使用Apache.POI中HSSFWorkbook导出到Excel的实现方法

时间：2021-04-07来源：www.pcxitongcheng.com作者：电脑系统城

使用Apache.POI中HSSFWorkbook导出到Excel，具体内容如下所示：

1.引入Poi依赖（3.12）

依赖如下：

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5 <dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.12</version>
</dependency>

2.创建实体类（User.java）

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61 package com.kd.nm.entity.pojo;

/**
* 实体类（User）
*
* author 小辰哥哥
*/
public class User {
// 用户编号
private String userNo;
// 用户名称
private String userName;
// 年龄
private String age;

// 无参构造
public User() {
}

// 有参构造
public User(String userNo, String userName, String age) {
this.userNo = userNo;
this.userName = userName;
this.age = age;
}

// get与set方法进行封装
public String getUserNo() {
return userNo;
}

public void setUserNo(String userNo) {
this.userNo = userNo;
}

public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}

public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}

public String getAge() {
return age;
}

public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
}

// 重新toString方法
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"userNo='" + userNo + '\'' +
", userName='" + userName + '\'' +
", age='" + age + '\'' +
'}';
}
}

3.Excel相关工具类（ExcelUtil、ReflectUtil）

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96 package com.kd.nm.util;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;

/**
* Description : Excel相关工具类
*
* @author: 小辰哥哥
*
*/
public class ExcelUtil {

/**
* 生成excel表格
* @param heads 表头内容
* @param data 数据内容
* @return
*/
public static HSSFWorkbook creatExcel(Map<String, String> heads, List data) {

// 声明一个工作薄
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
// 生成一个表格
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();

// 生成标题行样式
HSSFCellStyle headStyle = creatStyle(workbook, (short) 14);

// 生成表格内容样式
HSSFCellStyle bodyStyle = creatStyle(workbook, (short) 10);

// 标题元素
List<String> keys = new ArrayList<String>(heads.keySet());

// 像素单位
short px = 1000;
// 设置列宽
for (int columnIndex = 0; columnIndex < keys.size(); columnIndex++) {

sheet.setColumnWidth(columnIndex, 6 * px);
}

// 生成表格
for (int rowNum = 0; rowNum <= data.size(); rowNum++) {

// 创建行
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rowNum);

for (int cellNum = 0; cellNum < keys.size(); cellNum++) {

// 创建列
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(cellNum);

// 标题
if (rowNum == 0) {

cell.setCellStyle(headStyle);
cell.setCellValue(heads.get(keys.get(cellNum)));
} else { // 内容

cell.setCellStyle(bodyStyle);
// 通过反射获取
cell.setCellValue(ReflectUtil.getValue(keys.get(cellNum), data.get(rowNum - 1)));
}
}
}

return workbook;
}

/**
* 生成样式
* @param workbook
* @param size
* @return
*/
public static HSSFCellStyle creatStyle(HSSFWorkbook workbook, short size) {

HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
style.setAlignment((HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER));
style.setVerticalAlignment((HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER));
HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
font.setFontHeightInPoints(size);
font.setFontName("微软雅黑");
style.setFont(font);
style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);

return style;
}
}

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53 package com.kd.nm.util;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils;
import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

/**
* 反射工具包
*
* @author: 小辰哥哥
*/
public class ReflectUtil {

private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ReflectUtil.class);

public static String getValue(String key, Object obj) {

String value = "";

try {

// 获取当前属性
PropertyDescriptor pd = new PropertyDescriptor(key, obj.getClass());
// 获取get方法
Method getMd = pd.getReadMethod();
value = getMd.invoke(obj).toString();
} catch (Exception e) {

logger.error("获取内容失败！");
e.printStackTrace();
}

return value;
}

public static void setValue(String key, String value, Object obj) {

try {

// 获取当前属性
PropertyDescriptor pd = new PropertyDescriptor(key, obj.getClass());
// 获取set方法
Method writeMd = pd.getWriteMethod();
writeMd.invoke(obj, value);
} catch (Exception e) {

logger.error("设置内容失败！");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

4.后端控制器代码

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33 @RequestMapping(value = "/exportExcel",method = RequestMethod.GET,produces = "application/json")
public void exportExcel(HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws IOException {

// 表头内容（可在前端设置，通过参数传递进来） Key是实体类的属性值，value是表头的lable
Map<String,String> head = new HashMap<>();
head.put("userNo","用户编号");
head.put("userName","用户名称");
head.put("age","年龄");

// 表格数据内容,模拟数据库查询出来的数据
List<User> data = new ArrayList<>();
data.add(new User("1","小辰哥哥","18"));
data.add(new User("2","小猪妹妹","18"));
data.add(new User("3","大猪哥哥","18"));

// 生成工作薄
HSSFWorkbook hssfWorkbook = ExcelUtil.creatExcel(head, data);

// 定义文件名
String fileName = "导出Excel表格";

httpServletResponse.setHeader("Cache-Control", "max-age=0");
httpServletResponse.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
httpServletResponse.addHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + new String(fileName.getBytes("gb2312"),
"ISO-8859-1") + ".xls");

OutputStream outputStream = httpServletResponse.getOutputStream();

hssfWorkbook.write(outputStream);
outputStream.flush();
outputStream.close();
}