Python带动态参数功能的sqlite工具类
时间:2019-12-04来源:系统城作者:电脑系统城
本文实例讲述了Python带动态参数功能的sqlite工具类。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
最近在弄sqlite和python
在网上参考各教程后,结合以往java jdbc数据库工具类写出以下python连接sqlite的工具类
写得比较繁琐 主要是想保留一种类似java的Object…args动态参数写法 并兼容数组/list方式传递不定个数参数 并且返回值是List形式 dict字典 以便和JSON格式互相转换
在python中有一些区别 经过该工具类封装之后可以有以下用法:
- db.executeQuery("s * f t w id=? and name=?", "id01", "name01");//动态参数形式
- db.executeQuery("s * f t w id=? and name=?", ("id01", "name01"));//tuple元组式 等价上面 括号可省略
- db.executeQuery("s * f t w id=? and name=?", ["id01", "name01"]);//list数组形式
完整Python代码如下:
- #!/usr/bin/python
- #-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
- import sqlite3
- import os
- #
- # 连接数据库帮助类
- # eg:
- # db = database()
- # count,listRes = db.executeQueryPage("select * from student where id=? and name like ? ", 2, 10, "id01", "%name%")
- # listRes = db.executeQuery("select * from student where id=? and name like ? ", "id01", "%name%")
- # db.execute("delete from student where id=? ", "id01")
- # count = db.getCount("select * from student ")
- # db.close()
- #
- class database :
- dbfile = "sqlite.db"
- memory = ":memory:"
- conn = None
- showsql = True
- def __init__(self):
- self.conn = self.getConn()
- #输出工具
- def out(self, outStr, *args):
- if(self.showsql):
- for var in args:
- if(var):
- outStr = outStr + ", " + str(var)
- print("db. " + outStr)
- return
- #获取连接
- def getConn(self):
- if(self.conn is None):
- conn = sqlite3.connect(self.dbfile)
- if(conn is None):
- conn = sqlite3.connect(self.memory)
- if(conn is None):
- print("dbfile : " + self.dbfile + " is not found && the memory connect error ! ")
- else:
- conn.row_factory = self.dict_factory #字典解决方案
- self.conn = conn
- self.out("db init conn ok ! ")
- else:
- conn = self.conn
- return conn
- #字典解决方案
- def dict_factory(self, cursor, row):
- d = {}
- for idx, col in enumerate(cursor.description):
- d[col[0]] = row[idx]
- return d
- #关闭连接
- def close(self, conn=None):
- res = 2
- if(not conn is None):
- conn.close()
- res = res - 1
- if(not self.conn is None):
- self.conn.close()
- res = res - 1
- self.out("db close res : " + str(res))
- return res
- #加工参数tuple or list 获取合理参数list
- #把动态参数集合tuple转为list 并把单独的传递动态参数list从tuple中取出作为参数
- def turnArray(self, args):
- #args (1, 2, 3) 直接调用型 exe("select x x", 1, 2, 3)
- #return [1, 2, 3] <- list(args)
- #args ([1, 2, 3], ) list传入型 exe("select x x",[ 1, 2, 3]) len(args)=1 && type(args[0])=list
- #return [1, 2, 3]
- if(args and len(args) == 1 and (type(args[0]) is list) ):
- res = args[0]
- else:
- res = list(args)
- return res
- #分页查询 查询page页 每页num条 返回 分页前总条数 和 当前页的数据列表 count,listR = db.executeQueryPage("select x x",1,10,(args))
- def executeQueryPage(self, sql, page, num, *args):
- args = self.turnArray(args)
- count = self.getCount(sql, args)
- pageSql = "select * from ( " + sql + " ) limit 5 offset 0 "
- #args.append(num)
- #args.append(int(num) * (int(page) - 1) )
- self.out(pageSql, args)
- conn = self.getConn()
- cursor = conn.cursor()
- listRes = cursor.execute(sql, args).fetchall()
- return (count, listRes)
- #查询列表array[map] eg: [{'id': u'id02', 'birth': u'birth01', 'name': u'name02'}, {'id': u'id03', 'birth': u'birth01', 'name': u'name03'}]
- def executeQuery(self, sql, *args):
- args = self.turnArray(args)
- self.out(sql, args)
- conn = self.getConn()
- cursor = conn.cursor()
- res = cursor.execute(sql, args).fetchall()
- return res
- #执行sql或者查询列表 并提交
- def execute(self, sql, *args):
- args = self.turnArray(args)
- self.out(sql, args)
- conn = self.getConn()
- cursor = conn.cursor()
- #sql占位符 填充args 可以是tuple(1, 2)(动态参数数组) 也可以是list[1, 2] list(tuple) tuple(list)
- res = cursor.execute(sql, args).fetchall()
- conn.commit()
- #self.close(conn)
- return res
- #查询列名列表array[str] eg: ['id', 'name', 'birth']
- def getColumnNames(self, sql, *args):
- args = self.turnArray(args)
- self.out(sql, args)
- conn = self.getConn()
- if(not conn is None):
- cursor = conn.cursor()
- cursor.execute(sql, args)
- res = [tuple[0] for tuple in cursor.description]
- return res
- #查询结果为单str eg: 'xxxx'
- def getString(self, sql, *args):
- args = self.turnArray(args)
- self.out(sql, args)
- conn = self.getConn()
- cursor = conn.cursor()
- listRes = cursor.execute(sql, args).fetchall()
- columnNames = [tuple[0] for tuple in cursor.description]
- #print(columnNames)
- res = ""
- if(listRes and len(listRes) >= 1):
- res = listRes[0][columnNames[0]]
- return res
- #查询记录数量 自动附加count(*) eg: 3
- def getCount(self, sql, *args):
- args = self.turnArray(args)
- sql = "select count(*) cc from ( " + sql + " ) "
- resString = self.getString(sql, args)
- res = 0
- if(resString):
- res = int(resString)
- return res
- ####################################测试
- def main():
- db = database()
- db.execute(
- '''
- create table if not exists student(
- id text primary key,
- name text not null,
- birth text
- )
- '''
- )
- for i in range(10):
- db.execute("insert into student values('id1" + str(i) + "', 'name1" + str(i) + "', 'birth1" +str(i) + "')")
- db.execute("insert into student values('id01', 'name01', 'birth01')")
- db.execute("insert into student values('id02', 'name02', 'birth01')")
- db.execute("insert into student values('id03', 'name03', 'birth01')")
- print(db.getColumnNames("select * from student"))
- print(db.getCount("select * from student " ))
- print(db.getString("select name from student where id = ? ", "id02" ))
- print(db.executeQuery("select * from student where 1=? and 2=? ", 1, 2 ))
- print(db.executeQueryPage("select * from student where id like ? ", 1, 5, "id0%"))
- db.execute("update student set name='nameupdate' where id = ? ", "id02")
- db.execute("delete from student where id = ? or 1=1 ", "id01")
- db.close()
- if __name__ == '__main__':
- main()
-
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希望本文所述对大家Python程序设计有所帮助。
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